In particular, during the American occupation of Japan through , female names of typhoons were officially used in Japan, so American female names are also well known for typhoons attacked just after the World War II. This American-style convention had been used through Typhoon , and after that Japan Meteorological Agency started to use number conventions for domestic typhoon information.
In Okinawa prefecture, however, American occupation has continued until , and American-style convention had been in use during that period. Those male and female names have advantage, especially in the United States, to increase familiarity to hurricanes and help people remember the experiences of severe hurricanes. Those American names, however, were relatively unknown to Japanese and Asian people, and this is the motivation of establishing another list of typhoon names called Asian names , which has been in effect since Japan Meteorological Agency, for example, proposed names after constellations.
Asian names are sorted according to the alphabetical name of countries, so typhoon names themselves are not arranged in an alphabetical order. Asian names go worldwide as they are, and soon became popular in countries where list-based conventions has already gained popularity, but in Japan, where typhoon numbers have been used for tens of years, typhoon Asian names are still far from popular.
But typhoon Asian names are more and more often noticed by people, especially by Internet users, so we can say that its popularity is gradually increasing. To know the meaning of the Asian name of recent typhoons, please refer to Digital Typhoon: News Weblog.
The same naming convention has been used in Indian Ocean since India Meteorological Department is in charge of naming cyclones, names were suggested by Bangladesh, India, the Maldives, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Thailand and Sri Lanka, and names are used in the order of alphabetical order of country names.
A new Asian name is not assigned, and the hurricane name is kept as the name of the tropical cyclone. This causes a shift of correspondence between Asian names and typhoon numbers. In recent years, Typhoon and Typhoon has changed from a hurricane to a typhoon. Therefore, typhoons had been recorded in the first round of Asian names in spite of Asian names registered in the list.
The hurricane name is usually a name in the central Pacific basin W - W , but in a rare case, a name in the eastern Pacific basin east of W. One problem with typhoon names is the ambiguity of typhoon names. Some typhoon names had multiple appearances in history, so we need to identify which typhoon is the topic of a text using some hints in the text or background knowledge.
This means that a successful natural language processing system of typhoon-related text should resolve the ambiguities of typhoon names, and should solve the problem of "named entity recognition" or "named entity extraction" that automatically identify a typhoon name as the typhoon in history. This problem is apparent in number-based conventions. If we employ the 4-digit convention, it has an obvious problem of year cycle Typhoon may represent the 14th typhoon of year , or maybe Well, this year cycle is not a big problem yet, but the offical record of typhoons had started to be compiled since , so we should expect to have the year problem at least we have passed the halfway of this periodicity anyway.
And, of course, the 2-digit convention like Typhoon No. We often encounter cases where we have to disambiguate whether the typhoon No. To avoid such an ambiguity problem, we adopt a 6-digit convention like Typhoon , which does not have a short cycle problem as stated, at least before the year On the other hand, list-based conventions also have the same kind of problem because a name is chosen from a circular list, which means that the same name will be "recycled" in the future.
For example, on the formation of a new typhoon, we assign a new name from the list of Asian names. This means that after assigning typhoon names, we return to the first name of the list and reuse same names. Studying past cases reveal that we in fact have 15 typhoons with the name FAYE since Thus the list-based convention cannot avoid the ambiguity problem either. To cope with the ambiguity problem, the typhoon name is sometimes "retired," and removed from the list. This case happens when the typhoon has a severe impact on lives or the economy to the level that is remembered for generations after the devastation.
Whenever a typhoon has had this level of impact, any country affected by the storm can make a request to the World Meteorological Organization WMO that the name of the typhoon be retired to facilitate historic references, legal actions, insurance claim activities, etc. This convention is exactly like a retired number for a famous sports player to keep memory and avoid confusion.
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The only time that there is a change is if a storm is so deadly or costly that the future use of its name on a different storm would be inappropriate. In the event that more than twenty-one named tropical cyclones occur in a season, a supplemental list of names are used.
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